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Zinc sulfide, chemical formula ZnS. The chemical bond properties between Zn and S are biased towards covalent bonding type. There are 3 different configurations of crystals: low-temperature type, that is, sphalerite structure, which exists in large quantities in nature, colorless cubic crystal, Zn, S coordination number is 4, relative density is 4.10, and it turns to high-temperature type at 1020 °C; High temperature type, that is, fiber zinc ore structure, colorless hexagonal crystal, Zn, S coordination number are 4, relative density is 3.98, melting point is about 1700 °C, is zinc sulfide high temperature stable structure; The high-pressure type, that is, the sodium chloride structure, Zn and S coordination numbers are 6, and the relative density is 5.21. There are also aqueous compounds ZnS· H2O, a white powder, has a relative density of 3.98 and a melting point of 1049 °C. Zinc sulfide is insoluble in water and dilute alkali, nor in acetic acid, but soluble in low concentration strong acids such as hydrochloric acid, releasing hydrogen sulfide. Solubility product of zinc sulfide and K1· The K2 value is similar, so there is the following balance in the dilute acid Chemicalbook: Zn2++H2S=2H++ZnS It can be seen that in the strongly acidic zinc salt solution, hydrogen sulfide gas is introduced to obtain zinc sulfide precipitation. In zinc salt solution, hydrogen sulfide gas is introduced, and zinc sulfide precipitation can be obtained, but the precipitation is incomplete. With ammonium sulfide solution as a precipitant, zinc ions in zinc salt solution can be completely precipitated into zinc sulfide, because ammonium sulfide solution is alkaline, which can reduce the acidity of the system. Industrially prepared by the above method, it needs to be operated in the case of air isolation. White zinc sulfide darkens when seen in light and is easily oxidized to zinc sulfate in the air. Zinc sulfide itself or mixed with zinc oxide can be used as a white paint pigment. Pure zinc sulfide does not emit light, if a trace amount of manganese, copper, silver is added to the zinc sulfide crystal as an activator, after light irradiation, it can emit fluorescent light of different colors, known as fluorescent powder, used to make fluorescent screens, luminous paint. Zinc sulfide is also used in leather, enamel, rubber, dyes and other industries.
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