Pralidoxime Iodide

[name] pralidoxime Iodide
[CAS NO. ]94-63-3
【 characteristics 】 this product is a yellow granular crystalls or crystal powder; Odorless, bitter taste; When light perishable; Soluble in water or ethanol solution, slightly soluble in ethanol, insoluble in ether, easy damage in alkaline solution.
[pharmacological action] this product is a organophosphorus pesticide poisoning antidote, with mild organophosphate poisoning, can be used alone tropic o this product or to control the symptoms; Moderate and severe poisoning must be combined application of atropine, due to the accumulation of body has little effect of acetylcholine. After intravenous administration, blood soon achieve effective concentration, large doses can also through the blood-brain barrier into the brain tissue, through the kidney soon, no accumulation poisoning phenomenon. When organic phosphate ester insecticidal agent (such as dichlorvos, 1609, 1059, etc.) after entering the body, combined with cholinesterase in the body, form phosphorus acylation enzyme, the role of the cost of the hydrolysis of acetylcholine, thus in the accumulation of acetylcholine, a series of poisoning symptoms. Pralidoxime iodide solution such as poison in the body with phosphorus acylation of cholinesterase phosphoryl knot, the free will of cholinesterase, restore the activity of the hydrolysis of acetylcholine, therefore is also called the cholinesterase complex agent. Pralidoxime iodide and can combine with blood organophosphate class directly, become a non-toxic material from the urine.
The characteristics of this product is: (1) time is not long, only for poisoning soon form of phosphorus acylation enzyme have heavy activation, such as the third after a certain time, phosphorus acylation enzyme has been aging (alkyl) off, then cannot be activated, the activity of cholinesterase is difficult to restore. So the application of oxime type activator, treatment of class of organophosphorus poisoning, the sooner the better. (2) this product has different effect of different organic phosphorus compounds, it is generally believed to sediment phosphorus, parathion and uptake phosphorus, sulfur, phosphorus, the curative effect of ethion marla sulfur, tabun, dichlorvos, trichlorfon effect is poorer, invalid to soman, Luo Guo, oxidation Luo Guo is controversial. (3) different heavy activator the strength of the effect is different, namely on the toxic effect of organophosphorus price is different. (4), although after the treatment can eliminate muscle tremor, muscle weakness thereof weeks nicotine symptoms, but can not be directly against the most effect of acetylcholine, namely cannot eliminate central symptoms, a toadstool symptoms and other symptoms of nicotine, so patients with moderately severe poisoning, must and fight choline medicine used. (5) oxime type activator is quaternary ammonium salt, fat soluble is poor, cannot enter into the central nervous system, blood brain barrier on the central of poisoning activase no obvious activation, the poisoning symptom of reason on the central has no obvious effect. 6. Poor oral absorption and irregular, usually through intravenous drug delivery.
For limited 】 【 rescue organophosphorus poisoning.
【 usage and dosage 】 intravenous injection: a quantity, each 1 kg weight, 15-30 mg livestock.
【 notes 】 (1) allergic to iodine, disable this product.
(2) in alkaline solution easy decomposition, the compatibility with alkaline of animals.
(3) because of this product can enhance atropine