Nicotinamide hypoxanthine dinucleotide phosphate reduced tetrasodium salt

Nicotinamide hypoxanthine dinucleotide phosphate reduced tetrasodium salt, also known as NADPH/NADH, is a coenzyme and essential cofactor involved in various biochemical reactions in living organisms. It plays a crucial role in energy metabolism and serves as a reducing agent in enzymatic reactions.

Here are some key points about Nicotinamide hypoxanthine dinucleotide phosphate reduced tetrasodium salt (NADPH/NADH):

1. Chemical Structure: NADPH/NADH is derived from the nucleotide adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and consists of two nucleotides (adenine and ribose) linked by phosphate groups. It contains a nicotinamide ring, a hypoxanthine moiety, and four sodium ions associated with each molecule.

2. Biological Role: NADPH/NADH is involved in numerous enzymatic reactions, serving as a cofactor for various oxidoreductase enzymes. NADPH primarily functions in anabolic (building) processes, such as fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis, nucleotide biosynthesis, and drug metabolism. NADH, the reduced form of NADPH, is involved in catabolic (energy-releasing) reactions, such as cellular respiration.

3. Applications: NADPH/NADH is widely used in biochemical and molecular biology research. It is employed in enzymatic assays, redox reactions, and as a cofactor in various biochemical reactions. NADPH-dependent enzymes play crucial roles in cellular metabolism, antioxidant defense mechanisms, and detoxification processes.

4. Stability and Storage: NADPH/NADH should be stored at -20°C or below to maintain its stability. It is light-sensitive and should be protected from exposure to UV light. It is recommended to handle and store it in a dry, dark environment to prevent degradation.

5. Safety Considerations: NADPH/NADH is generally considered safe to handle. However, as with any chemical substance, it is important to follow appropriate safety precautions, including wearing appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) and following good laboratory practices.

When working with NADPH/NADH, it is essential to refer to specific protocols, literature references, and manufacturer's instructions for the accurate usage, concentrations, and storage conditions based on your experimental requirements.