Genipin Powder

Common Name:  Genipin Powder

CAS Number:  6902-77-8 

Molecular Formula: C11H14O5 

Molecular Weight:   226.226

Genipin stimulats glucose uptake in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The maximal effect is achieved at 2 h with a concentration of 10 μM. In myotubes, genipin promotes glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) translocation to the cell surface, which increases the phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), AKT, and GSK3β. Meanwhile, genipin increases ATP levels, closed KATP channels, and then increases the concentration of calcium in the cytoplasm in C2C12 myotubes. Genipin-stimulated glucose uptake could be blocked by both the PI3-K inhibitor wortmannin and calcium chelator EGTA. Moreover, genipin increases the level of reactive oxygen species and ATP in C2C12 myotubes[1]. Genipin increases mitochondrial membrane potential, which then increases ATP levels and closes KATP channels, thereby stimulating insulin secretion in pancreatic β-cells. Genipin activates glucose-excited POMC neurons[2]. Cytochrome c content increases significantly in the cytosol of genipin-treated FaO cells. Activation of caspase-3 and caspase-7 is ultimately responsible for genipin-induced apoptotic process in hepatoma cells. ROS level notably increases in Hep3B cells treated with 200 μM genipin[3].