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One of the most important characteristics of crown ether is that it can form stable complexes with various metal salts, ammonium salts, organic cationic compounds, etc. Using this property, various salts can be dissolved in organic solvents. Crown ether can be cated in the ring, and due to the outward facing organic gene can form complexes, it can also be soluble in non-polar organic solvents. At this time, the unsolvated anions exist in the solvent in the form of exposed anions, so the activity is extremely large. Crown ether dissolves alkali metals and organoalkali metal compounds in organic solvents. Therefore, it has found a wide range of applications in organic synthesis, optical disassembly, heavy metal chelation, separation, analysis, and physiological activity in medicine and biochemistry. Chemicalbook, for example, is used as a phase transfer catalyst to enable many reactions that are difficult or even non-occurring under traditional conditions to proceed smoothly, with fast rates, simple conditions, convenient operation and high yields. For example, benzoin has an extremely low yield of condensation reactions in an aqueous solution, and if 7% crown ether is added to this aqueous solution, benzoin with a yield of 78% can be obtained. This reaction can also be carried out in benzene (or acetonitrile), although potassium cyanide is insoluble in benzene, but if 18-crown-6 is added, not only can the reaction occur, but the yield can be as high as 95%. Toxicity of 18-crown-6: The oral lethality of rats was 300 mg/kg. It is irritating to the eyes and skin.
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