PharmaSourcesMay 17, 2021
Tag: Doxycycline Hyclate , API Powder Manufacturers , bacteria
Doxycycline is a broad-spectrum antibacterial medication of the tetracycline class. It has been on the market since it was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the 1960s. It is used to treat a variety of gram-positive, gram-negative, aerobic, and anaerobic bacteria that can affect different parts of the body and is available in both brand and generic. Brand names for doxycycline include Doryx, Vibramycin, Vibra-Tabs, Acticlate, Morgidox, Monodox, Monodoxyne NL, and Vibramycin Monohydrate.
There are two forms of doxycycline available: doxycycline hyclate and doxycycline monohydrate. There are also various doxycycline specifications available such as powder, tablet, capsule, oral suspension, and intravenous solution.
Raw material of doxycycline hyclate (CAS number 24390-14-5) is in the form of a light yellow-yellow, hygroscopic crystalline powder. The specification from Zhenjiang Hightide Biopharm, Ltd and Vega Pharma, Ltd is 99% min.
Doxycycline monohydrate is another form of doxycycline. It can be prescribed as a brand or generic drug and is taken as an oral tablet, oral capsule, or oral suspension. The tablets come in strengths of 50 mg, 75 mg, 100 mg, and 150 mg. The capsules also come in 50 mg, 75 mg, 100 mg, and 150 mg strengths. The bottle for oral suspension is 25 mg/5 mL. Once reconstituted, the total quantity is 60 mL per bottle.
Doxycycline hyclate is considered to be more soluble than the monohydrate salt form. It can also be prescribed as a brand or generic drug and is administered as an oral tablet, oral capsule, or intravenous injection. The tablets come in strengths of 20 mg, 50 mg, 75 mg, 100 mg, and 150 mg. The capsules come in strengths of 50 mg and 100 mg. The intravenous injection comes in 100 mg per vial and must be diluted before infusion.
The principal component in doxycycline hyclate and doxycycline HCl is doxycycline. The metabolite is the active component. In order to formulate ions that can easily cross membranes and pumps by the body, pharmaceutics that possess amino groups are often converted to their hydrochloride (HCl) salts; hence Doxycycline HCl. Doxycycline hyclate is formed during the crystallization of doxycycline HCl in water or ethanol.
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Doxycycline hyclate and doxycycline monohydrate are both tetracyclines, differing only in their salt forms. Let’s compare the doxycycline salts with the following specifications in the table below.
Both forms equally and effectively treat a wide variety of infections regardless of their solubility differences. However, the two cannot be used interchangeably as they possess varying chemical compositions that result in different dosing instructions. Prices also vary depending on insurances, pharmacy coupons, dosage forms, strengths, and quantities.
Doxycycline and minocycline are both antibiotics of the tetracycline class. Although they share indications for common infections, they each have their own unique uses in clinical practice. For example, doxycycline is indicated in the prophylaxis of malaria but minocycline is not indicated for this use. Whereas minocycline is indicated for chlamydial conjunctivitis but doxycycline is not. They also vary in standard dosages and lengths of treatment. Minocycline is generally dosed at 100 mg daily for at least 30 days while doxycycline is 100 mg twice daily for 10 days.
Doxycycline is primarily bacteriostatic, exerting its antimicrobial effect by reversibly binding to the 30S ribosomal subunits that block the binding of aminoacyl tRNA to the mRNA, thus inhibiting protein synthesis of the bacteria.
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