AlloHSCT Feasible After PD-1, PD-L1 mAb in Hodgkin Lymphoma

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT) performed after programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) or programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) monoclonal antibody (mAB) treatment seems feasible for patients with classical Hodgkin lymphoma with good progression-free survival (PFS), according to a study presented at the annual meeting of the American Society of Hematology, held from Dec. 7 to 10 in Orlando, Florida.

Reid W. Merryman, M.D., from the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute in Boston, and colleagues pooled data for 150 patients who underwent alloHSCT after receiving a PD-1 or PD-L1 mAB (nivolumab, pembrolizumab, or avelumab), following receipt of a median of four previous lines of therapy.

The researchers found that the two-year overall survival (OS) and PFS were 79 and 65 percent, respectively. The two-year cumulative incidence rates of relapse and nonrelapse mortality were 21 and 14 percent, respectively. Twenty-seven patients died: 24 due to nonrelapse mortality and three due to disease. There was no association for receipt of more than 10 doses of anti-PD-(L)1 mAB or undergoing alloHSCT ≤80 days after last dose of PD-(L)1 mAB with PFS or OS. Recipients of posttransplant cyclophosphamide had a lower two-year cumulative incidence of chronic graft-versus-host-disease and relapse as well as superior two-year PFS.

"Our results indicate that treatment with a PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibitor in advance of a donor stem cell transplant is safe and can provide good outcomes for these patients," Merryman said in a statement.

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