Sleep Fragmentation Linked to Odds of Migraine

Sleep fragmentation, defined by low sleep efficiency, is associated with increased odds of migraine a day later, but there is no temporal association for short sleep duration and low sleep quality with migraine, according to a study published online in Neurology.

Suzanne M. Bertisch, M.D., M.P.H., from Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston, and colleagues conducted a prospective study of 98 adults with episodic migraine to examine the temporal association between insufficient duration, high fragmentation, and poor sleep quality with migraine onset on the day immediately following the sleep period (day 0) and the following day (day 1).

Data were obtained for 4,406 days, with 870 headaches reported. The researchers observed no correlation for sleep duration ≤6.5 hours and poor sleep quality with migraine on day 0 or day 1. The odds of headache on day 1 were increased in association with diary-reported low efficiency (odds ratio, 1.39). Lower odds of migraine on day 0 were seen in association with actigraphic-assessed high fragmentation (wake after sleep onset >53 minutes: odds ratio, 0.64; efficiency ≤88 percent: odds ratio, 0.74).

"Future studies are needed to evaluate the role of sleep fragmentation as a potential target for reducing risk of migraine attacks as well as a potential marker for more frequent headaches in patients with episodic migraine," the authors write.

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