The basic unit of polypeptide, the structure and classification of amino acids

As the material basis of all life, protein plays many functions in life activities, such as material transportation, biochemical reaction catalysis, metabolic activity adjustment and so on. Amino acid is the basic component of protein, and its necessity is obvious. In recent years, with the development of deep level research on people's health and the development of material separation, purification and evaluation technology, the physiological function of polypeptide between single amino acid and macromolecular protein has been paid more and more attention by the scientific community.

In fact, to understand the concept of peptide, we should start from its basic unit amino acid.

Structure and classification of amino acids

In short, a class of organic compounds containing both amino and carboxyl groups can be called amino acids. However, the protein of organism is composed of 20 common amino acids and a few rare amino acids (such as 4-hydroxyproline and 5-hydroxylysine). The structure of 20 kinds of common amino acids in protein is composed of an amino group, a carboxyl group, a hydrogen atom and a variable R group side chain connected to the α - carbon atom. The general structure formula is shown in Fig. 1-1. It should be noted that all the 20 amino acids are L-type amino acids (proline is L-type sub amino acid) except glycine (Glycine R group is hydrogen atom).

The classification of amino acids can be divided into essential amino acids and non essential amino acids from the perspective of nutrition. Essential amino acids refer to the amino acids which can not be synthesized by human body or can not meet the needs of human body because of its slow synthesis speed. Therefore, the long-term lack of essential amino acids in diet will affect health. Non essential amino acids refer to the amino acids that can be synthesized by human body itself and do not depend on food supply directly. In particular, infants cannot synthesize histidine on their own, so infants have one more essential amino acid than adults (histidine).

From the point of view of physical and chemical properties, according to the different properties of the R-group side chain of amino acids, amino acids can be generally divided into four categories: the non-polar (hydrophobic) amino acids, the polar non charged amino acids, the polar negatively charged amino acids and the positively charged amino acids.

At the end:

Amino acids and derivatives are raw materials of traditional Chinese medicine for polypeptide production. Gutuo Biotechnology Co., Ltd. is a polypeptide manufacturer specializing in the production of amino acids and derivatives. It also supplies raw materials for amino acids and derivatives. Hangzhou gutuo Biotechnology Co., Ltd. is well-known in the field of peptide companies in China. Although the scale of the company is not too large, there are many talents. Many difficult peptides can be modified. More importantly, the quality control is strict and the price is reasonable. Companies or scientific research institutions that need to buy amino acids and derivatives APIs are welcome to buy them. ,

For any requests of Peptide for research purpose, welcome to contact us. www.gtpeptide.com , sales1@gotopbio.com.