Quick view hyaluronic acid physical and chemical properties of hyaluronic acid!

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a kind of macromolecular anionic polymer that exists in living organisms and is widely used in biomedical fields such as medicine and cosmetics. In cosmetics, hyaluronic acid is one of the more common ingredients and is often used in the formulation of beauty creams and various facial filler injections. This is because hyaluronic acid has excellent permeability, moisturizing properties and the ability to increase the relative humidity of the skin. It helps the skin retain moisture and improves the softness and smoothness of the skin. In addition, hyaluronic acid also promotes collagen production, reduces wrinkles and increases skin elasticity, so it is widely used in skin care products.

The excellent water retention of hyaluronic acid is due to its rigid spiral column structure, which contains a large number of hydroxyl groups, which helps to bind water in the column structure through hydrogen and polar bonds, which is difficult to lose. In addition, hyaluronic acid can also form a water-rich extracellular matrix with sulfated polysaccharides, collagen, elastin and other fibrin, making the skin elastic and flexible.

In addition, hyaluronic acid can also bind to CD44 receptors on the surface of epidermal cells to promote normal differentiation of epidermal cells. It can also bind to receptors on the surface of keratin cells and stimulate them, thus slowing down the differentiation process of keratinocytes towards final apoptosis. Free radicals cause lipid peroxidation in the skin, damage cell membranes, cause cell damage, and are associated with skin pigmentation.

Hyaluronic acid can remove ultraviolet reactive oxygen species produced by sunlight in the epidermis and protect the skin from damage.

At the same time, hyaluronic acid has excellent rheological properties, so that when treating congenital or acquired soft tissue depression, it can better shape and improve the cosmetic effect of the face. After HA is injected into the human body, it will be subjected to the synergistic action of transverse shear stress (torsional force) or vertical compression (tensile force). The rheological properties of HA, including viscoelasticity and cohesion, antagonize these forces to maintain the physical stability of HA. Different brands of HA injectional fillers have significantly different rheological properties, and the study evaluation of rheology can predict the integration pattern of HA into tissues, and select the appropriate HA products for different parts of different patients. Viscoelasticity refers to the viscosity and elasticity of HA injection when it is subjected to transverse shear stresses such as gravity, tension, and traction from facial movements. HA can be used as an injection filler, on the one hand, it can have a good deformation ability in the face of strong shear stress (needle injection), so as to smooth injection; On the other hand, after injection into the human body, it takes a long time to maintain stability and resist displacement and deformation. If the viscoelasticity is too large, HA is characterized by high hardness, unnatural feel and poor tissue integration. If the viscoelasticity is too small, the stability is poor and it is easy to shift.

The cohesion of HA refers to the adhesion between the HA units within it. When HA is injected into the human body, in the face of vertical compression or tensile forces, the cohesion performance is enough to reflect the extension and shaping ability of HA products. HA with high cohesion is better able to resist pressure, keeping its shape without folding or collapsing, and is suitable for filling areas that are frequently stressed, such as the temporal and chin. In contrast, HA, which is less cohesive, does not have this ability.

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